What if instead of referring to the next few months as flu season, we reframed our perspective and referred to this time as immune system empowerment season? While it doesn’t necessarily roll off the tongue, it certainly represents a more proactive and action-oriented approach in fighting off many of the illnesses associated with fall weather.
Our immune system is complicated, but adaptive. Many factors, some largely within our control, affect its proper functioning. Here are three manageable ways to strengthen our immune systems.
Three ways to strengthen immune systems
1. Sleep
According to organizations such as the National Sleep Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, adequate sleep is essential for immune system health. During sleep, our bodies produce specialized proteins and cells that fight infection and inflammation.
Inflammation is the immune system's natural response to illness and injury. It occurs when the immune system tries to overcome foreign invaders, such as bacteria and germs.
Although it’s a natural and healthy response, it can be damaging when prolonged. Chronic inflammation may increase the risk of developing conditions such as gastrointestinal issues, mental health problems and metabolic diseases.
Lack of sleep increases the risk of illness from inflammation, infections, viruses and other chronic conditions. Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep per night. Set yourself up for success by following these sleep hygiene tips.
2. Nutrition
Let’s face it, what we put into our body matters. Will eating an apple instead of a cupcake prevent an infection? It won’t hurt, but it’s not that simple.
No one specific food or nutrient is responsible for mediating the immune system response. However, vitamins and minerals A, C, D, E, B6, B12, folate, zinc, iron, selenium and copper are involved in immune system health in three main ways:
- Protect cells (directly) from damaging foreign invaders, acting as antioxidants
- Manufacture immune system mediators including certain enzymes that form antibacterial compounds
- Create and maintain natural barriers to protect the body, such as skin and mucus
Vitamins and minerals with the strongest evidence for immune system support are vitamins C and D and zinc. The elderly are more susceptible to deficiencies in these areas due to their lower food intake and limited food variety.
Certain foods—many of which include these vitamins and minerals—strengthen immunity. To get their full benefit, it’s recommended to eat at least five servings daily of fruits and vegetables (two fruits, three vegetables), choose whole grains instead of refined grains, eat more fresh and less processed food, and dine out less so you know for sure what’s going into your body.
Need more help? Here are three easy ways to eat healthier.
3. Preventative care
Maintaining good health keeps every system in the body in better working condition, including the immune system. Get regular check-ups and manage any chronic diseases as part of preventative care.
The existence of certain health conditions, such as autoimmune disease, diabetes, and asthma, can compromise optimal immune system function. Manage these conditions with lifestyle modifications and medication, if necessary.
Vaccinations are one of the most effective preventative health measures against the incidence and presence of numerous diseases. However, they are a choice. Before considering a vaccination, talk to a healthcare provider about vaccination type, timing, contraindications and precautions.
Stack the deck in your favor by considering all preventative care options, including regular physicals, chronic care management and necessary vaccinations, like an annual flu shot.